"a resistor and a capacitor are connected in series to an ideal battery of constant terminal voltage. when the system reaches its steady state, what is the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor?

a. the voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to one-half of the terminal voltage of the battery.
b. the voltage across the resistor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero.
c. the voltage across the resistor is zero, and the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery.
d. the voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery.
e. the voltage across both the resistor and the capacitor is zero"

b. The voltage across the resistor is equal to the terminal voltage of the battery, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero.

Explanation:

When the system reaches its steady state the current tends to zero, then

in the resistor

V=IR

I=0, then V=0

the capacitor charged is like an interruption in the circuit. If we mesure voltage on both sides of the battery and if we mesure both sides of the capacitor, we will get the same value, as its not any component between them in one side, and, in the other, the only component is the resistor that, without any courrent doesn't discipates any energy.

a

explanation:

no diagram was provided, but i'm guessing it's the one i've attached to my answer.

here, a mechanical force turns the rod.   this generates an electric current in the coil, which powers the bulb.