Imagine an ideal (carnot) refrigerator that keeps helium in its liquid state, at a temperature of about 4.00 k. the refrigerator, with the helium container inside, is in a laboratory where the temperature is about 294 k. because of the imperfection of the insulation, 2.00 j of heat is absorbed by the refrigerator each hour. how much electrical energy e must be used by the refrigerator to maintain a temperature of 4.00 k inside for one hour?

Ajet plane has a sound level of 120 db at a distance of 60 m. what is the q23. sound level at a distance of 6.0 km? (60)2 (6000)? om solution 80db db, hint: 16x assume ultrasound waves travel through the body of an animal at 1540 q24. m/s. if a 30,000 hz signal were reflected off a portion of a heart which was moving toward the source at 3 m/s, what frequency signal would return to the stationary source? solution 30.117hz

Athin plate moves between two parallel, horizontal, stationary flat surfaces at a constant velocity of v = 7.5 m/s. the two stationary surfaces are spaced 4 cm apart, and the medium between them is filled with oil whose viscosity is 0.9 n·s/m2. the part of the plate immersed in oil at any given time is 2 m long and 0.5 m wide. if the plate moves through the mid-plane between the surfaces, determine the force required to maintain this motion. what would your response be if the plate was 1 cm from the bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from the top surface (h1)? if the plate moves through the mid-plane between the surfaces, the force required to maintain the motion will be n. if the plate was 1 cm from the bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from the top (h1) surface, the force required to maintain the motion would be n.

Some material consisting of a collection of microscopic objects is kept at a high temperature. a photon detector capable of detecting photon energies from infrared through ultraviolet observes photons emitted with energies of 0.3 ev, 0.5 ev, 0.8 ev, 2.0ev, 2.5ev, and 2.8ev. these are the only photon energies observed. (a) draw and label a possible energy-level diagram for one of the microscopic objects, which has four bound states. on the diagram, indicate the transitions corresponding to the emitted photons. explain briefly. (b) would a spring–mass model be a good model for these microscopic objects? why or why not? (c) the material is now cooled down to a very low temperature, and the photon detector stops detecting photon emissions. next, a beam of light with a continuous range of energies from infrared through ultraviolet shines on the material, and the photon detector observes the beam of light after it passes through the material. what photon energies in this beam of light are observed to be significantly reduced in intensity (“dark absorption lines”)? explain briefly.