For a system of independent, distinguishable particles that have only two quantum states with energies of 0 and e and degeneracies of g0 and g1, it can be shown that the molar heat capacity of such a system is given by: cv/n = rg1(be)2 exp(-be)/[1+exp(-be)]2. calculate this value for e = 404, 881, and 3685 cm-1 (the excitation energies of the 2p1/2 excited states of f, cl, and br, respectively) at t = 300 k.

where e is epsilon.