The half-life (t1/2) for a chemical reaction is the time it takes for the concentration of reactant to decrease to one-half its initial concentration. for a first-order reaction, the half-life is a constant at a given temperature. so the half-life is also the amount of time it takes for the concentration to change from one-half to one-fourth, and from one-fourth to one-eighth, etc. if the half-life for a first-order reaction is 12.0 minutes, what percentage of reactant remains unreacted after 48.0 minutes?

The percentage of reactant that remains unreacted is 6.25%

Explanation:

Let´s call [A]₀ the initial concentration of reactant A

In the first 12.0 minutes the concentration of A will drop to [A]₀/2

In 24.0 minutes the concentration of A will be reduced by half again

( [A]₀/2 / 2) = [A]₀ / 4

In 36.0 min the concentration of A will be ([A]₀/4 / 2) = [A]₀ / 8

And after 48.0 min the concentration of A will be ([A]₀/8 /2) = [A]₀/16

If [A]₀ is the 100%, [A]₀ / 16 will be (100 / 16) = 6.25%

Mathematically, you can express the concentration of A in this way:

[A] = [A]₀ / 2ⁿ

where:

[A] = concentration of A

[A]₀ = initial concentration of A

n =  t / t(1/2), where t = time and t(1/2) = half-life

In this case:

[A] = [A]₀ / 2^(48 min / 12 min)

[A] = [A]₀ / 2⁴

[A] = [A]₀ / 16

i would think it's food chain

d₁ = displacement of tern from arctic to antarctic = 11000 miles

d₂ = displacement of tern from antarctic to arctic =   - 11000 miles

d = total displacement for the journey

total displacement for the journey is given as

d = d₁ + d₂

d = 11000 + (-11000)

d = 0 miles

t₁ = time of travel from arctic to antarctic = 3 months = 3 x 30 days = 90 days

t₂ = time of travel from antarctic to arctic = 3 months = 3 x 30 days = 90 days

t = total time of travel

total time of travel is given as

t = t₁ + t₂

t = 90 + 90

t = 180 days

average velocity is given as

average velocity = total displacement/ total time

v = d/t

v = 0/180

v = 0 miles/day