Gwen is researching the effects of a small asteroid impact in an area that has started to regrow after being hit ten years ago. she considers the event to be a long-term change because the species of plants that were present had to start completely over from seeds after all of the plants in the area were killed by the impact. what is the error in gwen’s thinking?

Gwen’s assumption of asteroid hit as long term change is incorrect. Asteroid hit is not a long term change, instead, it is a short term change.  

Explanation:

Examples of short term changes are drought, flood, volcanic eruption, etc. A short term change occurs quickly and can immediately affect organisms but it doesn’t become a reason for species extinction. The effects of a short term change don’t prevail over a long span of time.

Examples of long term changes are ice age, global warming, deforestation, etc. Unlike a short term change, it takes time but the consequences are far-reaching. It can lead to species extinction.

In this question, asteroid hit is a quick and unexpected hazard, unlike the slow long term environmental changes.

the design of a ski jumping suit involves a trade-off between giving the skiers lift to get higher jumps and ensuring the skier does not face a lot of drag before the jump itself. an expansive suit may to lift the skier higher, but at the same time, it will also increase the air resistance. higher air resistance as the skier goes down the slope limits the speed of the jump. a big suit also increases the risk of losing balance or control, especially if there's a strong gust of wind. while technologically enhanced suits a lot, clothing is not the only factor in a ski jumper’s success. gathering speed while skiing down the slope, ensuring good speed on the ramp, and maintaining good body posture and form in the air all contribute to a ski jumper's success.