We believe that all of the terrestrial planets had similar histories when it comes to impacts from space. explain how this idea can be used to date the formation of the martian highlands, the martian basins, and the tharsis volcanoes. how certain are the ages derived for these features (in other words, how do we check the ages we derive from this method)?

Since you have not included the experiment situation and the data, of course, i can not give you specific details about it. but i can you with this question.1) i will assume that the motion is projectile (parabolic) motion.2) yes, the horizontal distance depends on the horizontal velocity as, naming vx the horizontal velocity and t the time, it is: x = vx × t3) now, observe that the flight time depends on the vertical velocity as, naming voy the initial vertical velocity, t the time and y the vertical distance before reaching the ground: y = yo + voy×t - gt² / 2.the higher the initial vertical velocity (voy) the longer the object will be flying and so t will be higher in the equation for the horizontal distance.that explains the relationship between the horizontal distance and the horizontal velocity.

They all deal with hard evidence(scientific)