What is the mechanical advantage of a pulley?

Comedians like to joke that the reason we haven’t been visited by intelligent life from elsewhere in the universe is that aliens have been monitoring earth’s broadcasts of intellectually embarrassing tv programs, like gilligan’s island, fear factor, the jersey shore, and the jerry springer showand so consider us far too primitive to merit a visit. let’s check the assertion that aliens could have been receiving them. tv programs are broadcast at a frequency of about 100mhz with about 100kw of total power in 30frames per second, which emanatesroughly uniformly in all directions. assume that interstellar space transmits these broadcasts without attenuation. no matter how smart they are, aliens would require at least one photon per frame to interpret our signals. findthe number of photons per unit time per unit area reaching a receiver on a possible planet in the nearest star system, which is about 4 light-years away (a light-year is the distance light travels in a year). if aliens aimed a receiver or detector directly at earth, how big (in diameter) would it have to be to receive a photon per frame

Wave functions describe orbitals in a hydrogen atom. each function is characterized by 3 quantum numbers: n, l, and ml. if the value of n = 2: the quantum number l can have values from to . the total number of orbitals possible at the n = 2 energy level is .

Question 1 what is amperage? is the rate of doing work. is the rate of flow of protons in electric current. represents the amount of pressure behind electron flow. is the rate of flow of electrons in electric current. 2 points question 2 what is voltage? is the rate of doing power. represents the amount of pressure behind electron flow. is the rate of doing work. is the rate of flow of electrons in electric current. 2 points question 3 what is power? is the rate of flow of protons in electric current. is the rate of flow of electrons in electric current. is the rate of doing work. represents the amount of pressure behind electron flow. 2 points question 4 if we multiply volts times amps we get what? power circuit work current 2 points question 5 what are two ways alternating currents are similiar? in both ac and dc electrons flow in the same pattern. in both ac and dc, the flow of electrons changes directions back and forth. both ac and dc are only possible in certain materials with atoms that will allow electron flow. both ac and dc involve the flow of electrons. 4 points question 6 how does the flow of electrons flow in an alternating current? the flow of electrons is always slower in an alternating current than within a direct current. the flow of electrons is not constant and forward; it changes direction back and forth. electrons flow from from a higher affinity to that of a lower affinity. electron flow is constant and only in a forward direction. 2 points question 7 what is the flow like in a direct current? the flow of electrons is not constant and forward; it changes direction back and forth. the flow of electrons is constant and only in a forward direction. the flow of electrons go from a higher affinity to a lower affinity. the flow of electrons are always faster in a direct current. 2 points question 8 how is an electric current able to flow? electrons flow from the higher affinity to lower affinity and electrical current is generated. protons flow from the higher affinity to lower affinity and electrical current is generated. the movement of protons from one atom to another leads to an electric charge. the movement of electrons from one atom to another atom in a line results in a flow of electric current. 2 points question 9 how do electrons move from the two different types of metal in a battery? protons flow from the metal with the lower affinity to the metal with higher affinity and electrical current is generated. electrons flow from the metal with the lower affinity to the metal with higher affinity and electrical current is generated. electrons flow from the metal with the higher affinity to the metal with lower affinity and electrical current is generated. protons flow from the metal with the higher affinity to the metal with lower affinity and electrical current is generated.