Abullet with a mass =13.5mb=13.5 g is fired into a block of wood at velocity =253vb=253 m/s. the block is attached to a spring that has a spring constant of 205205 n/m. the block and bullet continue to move, compressing the spring by 35.035.0 cm before the whole system momentarily comes to a stop. assuming that the surface on which the block is resting is frictionless, determine the mass of the wooden block.

450 grams

Explanation:

Given:

mass of the bullet, m = 13.5 g = 0.0135 kg

velocity of the bullet, v = 253 m/s

spring constant of the spring, k = 205 N/m

Compression of the spring, x = 35.0 cm = 0.35 m

Now, the kinetic energy of the moving system (bullet + board) will tend to move the spring

thus,

let velocity of the system, V

now, applying the concept of conservation of momentum, we have

mv = (M + m)V

where,

M is the mass of the block

thus,

V = mv/(M + m)

now,

the kinetic energy of the system = (1/2)(M + m)V²

or

the kinetic energy of the system = (1/2)(M + m)(mv/(m + M))²

Energy gained by the spring = (1/2)kx²

now,

equating both the energies, we get

(1/2)(M + m)(mv/(m + M))² = (1/2)kx²

or

(mv)²/(m + M) = kx²

on substituting the values, we get

(0.0135 × 253)²/(0.0135 + M) = 205 × (0.35)²

or

11.66/(0.0135 + M) = 25.1125

or

M = 0.450 kg = 450 grams

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