5. if a router is attached to a network with a base ip address of 198.10.0.0/20 and receives a packet addressed to 198.10.10.144, answer the following questions: a. what is the network mask used by the router? (in dotted decimal or binary)

255.255.255.0

Explanation:

Given data

base IP address = 198.10.0.0/20

receives addressed = 198.10.10.144

to find out

network mask used by the router

solution

we know mask is combination of 32 bit used

describe to portion in addressed refers to subnet that is

we know IP address = 198.10.0.0/20

here a = 198, b = 10 and c = 0 and d = 0 and n = 20

so it will be  20 bits + 12 bits

20 bits are 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

12 bits are 0000.0000.0000

so default natural mask are

Class A is 255.0.0.0

Class B is  255.255.0.0

Class C is  255.255.255.0

255.255.240.0

Explanation:

The base IP address is 198.10.0.0/20 and the Subnet Masks is given (/20), we can transform this subnet mask to the standard notation by converting the /20 to binary form as follow -> A subnet mask is made of 32 bits, /20 indicates that the first 20 bits are one, 11111111 11111111 11110000 00000000 converting to decimal 255.255.240.0.

Our base IP is 198.10.0.0

Our netmask is 255.255.240.0

Our HostMin is 198.10.0.1

Our HostMax is 198.10.15.254

Therefore, the received packet, 198.10.10.144, is  in the range of IPs

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diagram is missing, but i will try to explain your doubt.

answer:

amplitude is the maximum displacement or distance moved on a point of a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position.it is equal to half the length of vibration path.