To set up a demonstration of the heating of gas under adiabatic compression, the procedure involves putting a few scraps of paper into a large gas test tube, which is then sealed off with a piston. if the piston compresses the trapped air very rapidly, the paper will catch fire. if the volume of trapped air is not reduced enough, the demonstration won't work. estimate the factor by which the volume of air trapped by the piston must be reduced for this demonstration to work. why will the paper not catch fire if the piston is depressed slowly? note that, to make this estimate, you'll need to look up values and can make assumptions including, for example, that the burning point of paper is 233 c

Acommon technique in analysis of scientific data is normalization. the purpose of normalizing data is to eliminate irrelevant constants that can obscure the salient features of the data. the goal of this experiment is to test the hypothesis that the flux of light decreases as the square of the distance from the source. in this case, the absolute value of the voltage measured by the photometer is irrelevant; only the relative value conveys useful information. suppose that in part 2.2.2 of the experiment, students obtain a signal value of 162 mv at a distance of 4 cm and a value of 86 mv at a distance of 5.7 cm. normalize the students' data to the value obtained at 4 cm. (divide the signal value by 162.) then calculate the theoretically expected (normalized) value at 5.7 cm.