Atom migrates from the latéice point to the crystalline +1 sur-fac e, a gap is created in the lattice, this is called 9 schottky defect. let u consider the crustal which is the defects pua swao n to ui0d buaay nth) where n occur let ha eneray of tha atoms at the mesh point be 0, crystal for in the vo lume of suppase that e energy is transferred to the each defect ond that thare is n chage the crustal due to the atms migra ting to the sucface wrrke down the number of cegenerative states in the micracanonical ensemble. ii)wrrte the dis tribution function in the canonical ensemble ni) find the number of defects jn the lattice as a pnction of temperoture nct)