Consider a golf club hitting a golf ball. to a good approximation, we can model this as a collision between the rapidly moving head of the golf club and the stationary golf ball, ignoring the shaft of the club and the golfer. a golf ball has a mass of 46 g. suppose a 200 g club head is moving at a speed of 40 m/s just before striking the golf ball. after the collision, the golf ball's speed is 60 m/sa) what is the momentum of the club and ball system right before the collision? b) immediately after the collision, the momentum of the club and ball system will be? (less than, the same as, or greater than before the collision)c)a manufacturer makes a golf ball that compresses more than a traditional golf ball when struck by a club. how will this affect the average force during the collison? d) by approximately how much does the club head slow down as a result of hitting the ball? show all work!

The momentum before the collision and after the collision will be the same hat is 8 Kgm/s, and the club head slows down by 13.8 m/s after hitting the ball.

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of a system before and after the collision must be the same.

Total Momentum = vector sum of (mass × velocity) of all the bodies

Mass of club head = 200g = 0.2kg

initial velocity of club head = 40 m/s

final velocity of the club head = v

mass of the ball = 46g = 0.046 kg

initial velocity of the ball = 0 m/s

final velocity of the ball = 60 m/s

Momentum before collision = 0.2 x 40 = 8 kgm/s

Now, by conservation of momnetum:

Momentum before collision = Momentum after the collision = 8 kgm/s

Momentum after the collision = momentum of the ball + momentum of the club head after the collision

8 = 0.046 x 60 + momentum of the club head after the collision

momentum of the club head after the collision = (8 - 2.76) kgm/s

momentum of the club head after the collision = 5.24  kgm/s

0.2 x v = 5.24

v = 5.24/0.2

v = 26.2 m/s is the final velocity of the club head.

the club head slows down by 40 - v = 40 - 26.2 = 13.8 m/s after hitting the ball.

if a manufacturer makes a golf ball that compresses more than a traditional golf ball when struck by a club the average force on the ball will decrease. Since force is defined as the rate of change of momentum. If the ball can be compressed more, it will take more time to transfer momentum to the ball, which will reduce the rate of change of momentum of the ball. Hence, the average force will decrease.

Learn more about conservation of momentum:

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1. 8.0kg * m/s

2. The same as before the collision

3. The force will decrease

4. 14 m/s

the independent variable, or the one that is intentionally manipulated is the speed.

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