5. limestone typically doesn't accumulate in the ocean at depths below 4,000 meters because below that depth, calcite is
6. based on the principle of original horizontality, geologists conclude that layers of sedimentary rock that have been tilted must have been subjected to
7. based on the principle of inclusions, the cobbles in conglomerate must have been formed the conglomerate.
8. geologists use the principle of to justify using fossils in a sample of sedimentary rock to determine the rock’s age.
9. partings between adjacent beds of sedimentary rock may represent periods of which could range from a few decades to a few centuries.
10. some graded beds, especially those resulting from deposition by a fast-moving debris flow, are reversed, which means material is at the top instead of at the bottom.

Explanation:

5. Limestone typically doesn't accumulate in the ocean at depths below 4,000 meters because below that depth, calcite is ___not preserved .

The calcite compensation depth CCD is the depth at which the rate of dissolution of calcite increases beyond that of accumulation.

6. Based on the principle of original horizontality, geologists conclude that layers of sedimentary rock that have been tilted must have been subjected to __tectonic forces.

Tectonic forces causes changes in a particle terrain

7. Based on the principle of inclusions, the cobbles in conglomerate must have been formed __earlier than the conglomerate.

The principle of inclusion states that the inclusion is older than the rock that contains it.

8. Geologists use the principle of __fossil and fauna succession to justify using fossils in a sample of sedimentary rock to determine the rock’s age.

The principle of fossil and fauna succession was credited to Williams Smith and it is used for relative dating of a sedimentary sequence. Here, fossils of plants and animals are used to date a sequence.

9. Partings between adjacent beds of sedimentary rock may represent periods of __unconformity , which could range from a few decades to a few centuries.

An unconformity is a period of non-depsotion or erosion within a rock layer.

10. Some graded beds, especially those resulting from deposition by a fast-moving debris flow, are reversed, which means ___the oldest material is at the top instead of at the bottom.

From the principle of superposition of strata, we know that the oldest layer is at the bottom of the sequence and the youngest is on top.

hypothesising or postulating