Which of the following correctly describes the early view of catastrophism?

it the was the theory that the Earth had largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. This was in contrast to uniformitarianism (sometimes described as gradualism), in which slow incremental changes, such as erosion, created all the Earth's geological features

im sorry i dont know

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach