A bridge weighs 5,000 pounds and it can hold 25,000 pounds what is the structural efficiency ratio of the bridge

If the skin preparation site contains a colostomy or draining sinus that cannot be sealed off, how should that area be prepped? a. last, with sponges to be used once and discarded b. first, with the same preparation tray c. simultaneously, with the same preparation tray d. first, with a separate preparation tray