A 32 years old female worker presenting pain in her left upper-extremity for seven months. her left hand became paler and cold when the temperature decreased and the symptoms could not be eased through rest, physioterapy and medication. she was diagnosed with thoratic outlet syndrome.

Anurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (select all that apply.) a. decreased percentage of body fat b. polypharmacy c. multiple health problems d. increased rate of absorption e. decreased renal function