A break in which of the following would cause a section of bone to die? A. Haversian canal, because it provides nutrients for the bone
B. Haversian canal, because these canals physically support bone cells
C. Osteoid, because it removes osteoclasts from the bone
D. Osteoid, because it removes wastes from the bone

Harold, a fifty-eight year old grocery store manager, had recently been waking up in the middle of the night with abdominal pain. this was happening several nights a week. he was also experiencing occasional discomfort in the middle of the afternoon. harold decided to schedule an appointment with his physician. the doctor listened as harold described his symptoms and then asked harold some questions. he noted that harold's appetite had suffered as a result of the pain he was experiencing and as a result of the fear that what he was eating may be responsible for the pain. otherwise, harold seemed fine. the doctor referred harold to a physician that specialized in internal medicine and had harold make an appointment for a procedure called an endoscopy. the endoscopy was performed at a hospital later that week. during the procedure, a long, thin tube was inserted into harold's mouth and directed into his digestive tract. the end of the tube was equipped with a light source and a small camera which allowed the doctor to observe the interior of harold's stomach. the endoscope was also equipped with a small claw-like structure that the doctor could use in order to obtain a small tissue sample from the lining of harold's stomach, if required. the endoscopy revealed that harold had a peptic ulcer. analysis of a tissue sample taken from the site showed that harold also had an infection that was caused by helicobacterpylori bacteria. the doctor who performed the endoscopy gave harold prescriptions for two different antibiotics and a medication that would decrease the secretion of stomach acid. the doctor also instructed harold to schedule an appointment for another endoscopy procedure in 6 months. 1. list the subjective findings in this case study. 2. what is an endoscopy? (2 points) what is a biopsy? 3. how was a biopsy performed on harold? 4. differentiate between gastric and duodenal ulcers by location. 5. what role does h. pylori play in the formation of peptic ulcers? 6. define occult and frank blood. (4 points) what is a guaiac test? 7. how can peptic ulcers cause bleeding? 8. why were antibiotics prescribed? 9. why would a medication that would decrease the secretion of stomach acid be beneficial?

Name the bone/structure/process that fits the following description: a) a bone with a complex shape. b) found in the medullary cavity. c) a large, rough process. d) it is thin, like a plate. e) shaft of a long bone. f) a mature bone cell. g) a large, round, smooth process. h) it covers outer surface of bone. i) a shallow depression on surface of bone. j) a roughly cube-shaped bone. k) the covering of epiphysis. l) a very narrow ridge of bone. m) space between lamellae for an osteocyte. n) chamber within diaphysis o) also called wormian bone. p) it secretes new matrix. q) end of a long bone. r) a small, round hole. s) a matrix, arrangement in spongy bone. t) it is a chamber within a bone. u) a network allowing osteocytes to receive nutrients. v) one example is the patella. w) it houses artery, vein and nerve. x) almost flat, smooth surface of a bone. y) a narrow, pointed process.

A65-year-old male was admitted for evaluation of pain on swallowing and a sore throat that has persisted for the past year. the discomfort has not changed with the use of various over the counter cold remedies. the client has lost weight due to a decrease in appetite and difficulty swallowing. he has smoked 3 packs of cigarettes a day for 40 years.a laryngoscopy showed a subglottic mass. the client had a total laryngectomy with a tracheostomy to manage laryngeal cancer. he also has a nasogastric tube in place. you will be providing care for this client during his first 72 hours after surgery. a. select one nanda-i nursing diagnosis and describe why it is a priority for this client. b. what is the cause or related factor for this nanda-i nursing diagnosis? c. identify an outcome for this nanda-i nursing diagnosis. the outcome must be patient-centered and measurable. d. identify two (2) nursing interventions that will this client achieve the outcome. e. describe how each intervention will the patient achieve the outcome.