You have been diagnosed with lupus erythematosus, a very severe autoimmune disorder with a wide variety of associated organ-related problems. Your doctor is particularly worried about how this will affect your kidney function. He says that you are susceptible to because of the lupus.

Agroup of engineering students from purdue university reported that its licking machine, modeled after a human tongue, took an average of 364 licks to get to the center of a tootsie pop. twenty of the group's volunteers assumed the licking challenge-unassisted by machinery-and averaged 252 licks each to the center.