Clinical depression is a serious disorder that affects millions of people. depression often leads to alcohol as a means of easing the pain. a gallup survey attempted to study the relationship between depression and alcohol. a random sample of adults was drawn and after a series of question each respondent was identified as a 1 = nondrinker, 2 = moderate drinker, 3 = heavy drinker. additionally, each respondent was asked whether they had ever been diagnosed as clinically depressed at some time in their lives (1 = yes, 2 = no). is there enough evidence to conclude that alcohol and depression are related?

I believe that the best answer to the question: Is there enough evidence to conclude that alcohol and depression are related? Would be: there is enough evidence to show a level of correlation between the two variables, but not enough to show that one leads necessarily to the other, or what is known as a causal relation.

Explanation:

The intent for this survey performed by Gallup was to establish the relationship that existed between alcohol consumption and depression, especially clinical depression, given that previous data shows that there is a relationship between the two. However, the survey failed in establishing the causal relationship between the two because of the questions it used. In the first case, the questions only led to know if the people in the sample could be classified as non-drinkers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers. These questions established then the presence, or absence of alcoholic consumption. The second set of questions tested to see if people had ever, in their lives, been diagnosed with clinical depression, which yielded just two options: yes, and no. The answers that would come from the questions, and the results extracted from the two sets of questions manage to show that either the two variables: alcoholism and depression, appear together, or not at all, or there may be the appearance of one, without that of the other. Therefore, in the end, what the survey manages is to establish a statistical probability of correlation, but not necessarily responds the question of the researchers: that there is in fact, a causal relationship between the two variables, as the survey does not prove that depression necessarily leads to alcohol consumption.

the worst joke is

hey wanna hear a pencil joke

nevermind its pointless

answer:

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explanation:

08: 21

read the excerpt from "the tell-tale heart.”

object there was none. passion there was none. i loved the old man. he had never wronged me. he had never given me insult. for his gold i had no desire. i think it was his eye! yes, it was this! he had the eye of a vulture—a pale blue eye, with a film over it. whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees—very gradually—i made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.  

read the excerpt from "the black cat.”

beneath the pressure of torments such as these, the feeble remnant of the good within me succumbed. evil thoughts became my sole intimates—the darkest and most evil of thoughts. the moodiness of my usual temper increased to hatred of all things and of all mankind; while, from the sudden, frequent, and ungovernable outbursts of a fury to which i now blindly abandoned myself, my uncomplaining wife, alas! was the most usual and the most patient of sufferers.

by revealing the narrator’s deepest thoughts, the author