My friend sustained brain damage from a percussive blow from a nearby shotgun blast in a hunting accident. after recovering from a coma, he came back to school and seemed normal for 4 months, after which he began to show disordered behavior, learning difficulties, and rapid mood changes. he developed a chronic tobacco habit. this habit was probably related to
a. attempt at self medication to activate noradrenaline receptors
b. attempt at self medication to activate dopamine receptors
c. attempt at self medication to activate acetylcholine receptors
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

Mr rogers is 2 days postoperative of a thoracotomy of removal of a malignant mass in his left chest. his pain is being managed via epidural catheter with morphine. as the nurse assumes care of mr rogers, he is alert and fully oriented and states that his current pain is 2 on a 1 -to-10 scale. his vital signs are 37.8-92-12, 138/82. what are benefits of epidural versus systemic administration of opioids? the nurse monitors mr roger’s respiratory status and vital signs every 2 hours. what is the rationale for this frequent assessments? the nurse monitors mr rogers for what other complications of epidural anelgesis?