What is the difference between a "root" and a "square root"?

A root is one of one or several answers in most quadratic equations.

Vieta's theorem - X1+X2=-b/a, X1 x X2=c/a

X1 and X2 are roots, or answers of the equation.

A square root is part of radical and exponential equations - sqrt(16) = 4.

the answer is; biodiversity resulting from few ancestors

adaptive radiation occurs when a population is subjected to a large natural environment with spatial ecological variations. the parts of the population in the different ecologies begin to adapt to their local environments. due to non-random mating across the large populations, this causes the different populations from the large population to speciate within their local environments. they, therefore, diverge to different species sharing a common ancestor.