Iattached a picture of the problem. you don't have to explain it.

9 x 8 divided by (5-3)=36

$3720

step-by-step explanation:

taxable income = $31000

as per the 2018-2019 us tax bracket, the tax rate is 12% for an individual whose taxable income is between $9,526 to $38,700.

so, the tax to be paid by him = 12% of 31000

= 0.12 * 31000     [12% converted to decimal as 0.12]

= $3720