Puppy is tied to a leash in a backyard his leash is 3 m long and he runs around in circles pulling a leash as far as it can go what is the approximate distance the puppy runs in one lap

According to a study conducted in 2015, 18% of shoppers said that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. suppose that in a recent sample of 1500 shoppers, 315 stated that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. at a 5% significance level, can you conclude that the proportion of all shoppers who currently prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products is higher than .18? use both the p-value and the critical-value approaches.