In performing a one-way ANOVA, measures the variability of the observed values around their respective means by summing the squared differences between each observed value of the response and its corresponding treatment mean.

SS Error

Step-by-step explanation:

The SS Error refers to the sum of the squares of the deviations of the observations, from their mean. It is simply the total variance from the observations on the study.

In performing a one-way ANOVA, the SS Error measures the variability of the observed values around their respective means and this is done through the summation of the squared differences between each observed value of the response and its corresponding treatment mean.

for ex: the reciprocal of 3/4 is 4/3. it is the opposite.

reciprocal definition:

a mathematical expression or function so related to another that their product is one; the quantity obtained by dividing the number one by a given quantity.

number one is the correct answer

step-by-step explanation: dogs and cats are mentioned, no other animals