Question in the image

Ateacher noticed 5/8 of the students were wearing either blue shorts or white shorts. write two different ways this could be done.

How can you tell when x and y are not directly proportional?

I'm at a bookstore with $\$35$ in my pocket and a $20\%$-off coupon. what is the cost of the most expensive book i can buy with my money and the coupon? (assume that there are books of every possible price in the bookstore. it's a large bookstore! )