Hanna arranged financing for her bachelor’s degree. She borrowed $5,000 as a student loan backed by the federal government, and she also received a grant of $3,000 for books and supplies. Hanna is also in the top 3% of her high school class and was awarded a $15,000 scholarship for her academic achievements. Lastly, Hanna took out a private loan for $6,000. Not counting any interest Hanna may have to pay, how much of her financing is she required to pay back?

Suppose that 3% of all athletes are using the endurance-enhancing hormone epo (you should be able to simply compute the percentage of all athletes that are not using epo). for our purposes, a “positive” test result is one that indicates presence of epo in an athlete’s bloodstream. the probability of a positive result, given the presence of epo is .99. the probability of a negative result, when epo is not present, is .90. what is the probability that a randomly selected athlete tests positive for epo? 0.0297