Abox contains 3 plain pencils and 1 pen. a second box contains 4 color pencils and 4 crayons. one item from each box is chosen at random. what is the probability that a pen from the first box and a crayon from the second box are selected? write your answer as a fraction in simplest form.

Rachel is studying the population of a particular bird species in a national park. she observes every 10th bird of that species that she can find in the park. her conclusion is that the birds living in the park who belong to that species generally feed on insects. rachel's sample is . based on the sample she picked, rachel's generalization is