Help, this is due tonight!

How do i start to solve? would appreciate a walk-thru! a bird sitting 16ft above the ground in an apple tree dislodges an apple. after how many seconds does the apple land on the ground? (assuming that no branches will interfere with it's fall)

Akitchen is 12 ft. by 14 ft. with 10 ft. high walls. how much would it cost to put vinyl flooring in this room? $8.80 per ft

What ratio is proportional to 18/21