Read the passage about Ötzi the Iceman. Half an hour after Ötzi dined, the killer came along and shot him in the back from a distance of almost 100 feet. The arrow went under his left armpit . . . a wound that would have been quickly fatal and probably not treatable even in modern times, especially where it happened. By the angle of the wound, he was either shot from below and behind, or he had been bent forward when he was hit from above and behind.

–"Who Killed the Iceman? Clues Emerge in a Very Cold Case,” Rod Nordland

Which strategy is the best to determine the viewpoint of the author of the passage?