Reflect (4, -5) over the x axis

Can someone me with #s 8, 9, and 11. with just one of the three also works. prove using only trig identities.

9.4.34  question   to estimate the height of a stone  figure, an observer holds a small square up to her eyes and walks backward from the figure. she stops when the bottom of the figure aligns with the bottom edge of the  square, and when the top of the figure aligns with the top edge of the square. her eye level is 1.811.81 m from the ground. she is 3.703.70 m from the figure. what is the height of the figure to the nearest hundredth of a  meter?

Aline is perpendicular to another line m2= (-1/m1), where m1 is the slope of the original line and m2 is the slope of the perpendicular line. which of the following equations represents the line that passes through the point (-2,1) and is perpendicular to the line below?