What is the specific method called on #3

Iwant to know what 3g+5h+4g-2h is my teacher is too selfish to tell us

Campus rentals rents 2 and 3 bedrooms apartments for $700 ans $900 a month respectively. last month they had six vacant apartments and reported $4600 in lost rent. how many of each type of apartment were vacant?

You are standing next to a really big circular lake. you want to measure the diameter of the lake, but you don't want to have to swim across with a measuring tape! you decide to walk around the perimeter of the lake and measure its circumference, and find that it's 400\pi\text{ m}400? m. what is the diameter dd of the lake?