Suppose that two. integers from the set of 8 integrs {1,2,38} are chosen at random. Find the probability that i. both numbers match. ii. Sun of the two numbers picked is less than 4?

a) 0.003

b) 0.125

c) 0.047

Step-by-step explanation:

We have a set of 8 numbers {1,2,...,8}

Let's analyze each case:

a) 5 and 8 are picked. The probability here is:

In the first selection, we have two possible picks (we can pick 5 or 8), so we have two possible outcomes out of 8 total outcomes,  the probability for the first selection is:

P = 2/8 = 1/4.

Now, if one of those numbers was picked in the first selection, only one outcome is possible in this second selection, (if before we picked a 5, here we only can pick an 8, or if in the first selection we picked an 8, here we only can pick a 5.)

the probability is:

P = 1/8

The joint probability is equal to the product of the individual probabilities, so here we have:

P = (1/4)*(1/8) = 1/32 = 0.003

b) The numbers match (we draw two sixes, for example) :

In the first selection, we can have any outcome (the only requirement is that in the second selection we pick the same outcome), so the probability is:

P = 8/8 = 1

in the second selection, we can have only one outcome, so here the probability is:

P = 1/8

The joint probability is p = 1/8  = 0.125

c) The sum is smaller than 4:

The combinations are:

1 - 1  , 1 - 2  and 2 - 1

We have 3 combinations, and the total number of possible combinations is:

8 options for the first number and 8 options for the second selection:

8*8  = 64

The probability is equal to the number of outcomes that satisfy the sentence (3) divided by the total number of outcomes (64):

P = 3/64 = 0.047

25

step-by-step explanation: