The manufacturer of hardness testing equipment uses steel-ball indenters to penetrate metal that is being tested. However, the manufacturer thinks it would be better to use a diamond indenter so that all types of metal can be tested. Because of differences between the two types of indenters, it is suspected that the two methods will produce different hardness readings. The metal specimens to be tested are large enough so that two indentions can be made. Therefore, the manufacturer uses both indenters on each specimen and compares the hardness readings. Construct a 95% confidence interval to judge whether the two indenters result in different measurements.

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Step-by-step explanation:

Let X denotes steel ball and Y denotes diamond

= 1/9( 50+57+......+51+53)

=530/9

=58.89

= 1/9( 52+ 56+....+ 51+ 56)

=543/9

=60.33

difference = d =(60.33- 58.89)

=1.44

s12 = 1/9( 502+572+......+512+532) -9/8 (58.89)2

=31686/8 - 9/8( 3468.03)

=3960.75 - 3901.53

=59.22

s1 = 7.69

s22 = 1/9( 522+ 562+....+ 512+ 562) -9/8 (60.33)2

=33295/8 - 9/8 (3640.11)

=4161.875 - 4095.12

=66.75

s2 =8.17

sample standard deviation for difference is

s=

 =

=

=7.93

sd =

=

=7.93* 0.47

=3.74

For 95% confidence level =1.96

confidence interval is

=(1.44 - 1.96* 3.75 , 1.44+1.96* 3.75)

=(1.44 - 7.35 , 1.44 + 7.35)

=(-2.31, 8.79)

There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the two indenters produce different hardness readings.