P(A1 ∩ A2 ∩ A3 | A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3) = Explain this probability in words. This is the probability that the firm is awarded at least one of the projects. This is the probability that the firm is awarded projects 1, 2, and 3. If the firm is awarded at least two of the projects, this is the chance that they will be awarded all three projects. If the firm is awarded at least one of the projects, this is the chance that they will be awarded all three projects.

If the firm is awarded at least one of the projects, this is the chance that they will be awarded all three projects.

Step-by-step explanation:

Remember that when you talk about intersections you include everything, then for this case the intersection of A1,A2,A3 means that all three projects were awarded.

Remember that if an element belongs to only one of the sets of a union, then the element belongs to the union, that is why for the conditional part of the probability event is true that the firm is awarded at least one of the projects.

introduction, methodology, results, discussion

step-by-step explanation:

an observational study is one which consists of actual observation to record data and then analyse the data.

there are a number of factors that should be analyzed before starting an observational study.

the main four factors are:

i) introduction:   this should be analysed to check whether the purpose of the study is correctly established and the data recorded are appropriate for the study

methodology:   the method of collecting the data, such as whether randomly selected, and whether sample size matches with the population to be studied, whether questions asked are easy to answer by common men, etc.

results: then results such as summary of data with comments should be studied thoroughly

discussion:   the last is the discussion, this can be either by management people or persons who are all interested , etc.