Determine if the following statements are true or false, and explain your reasoning for statements you identify as false. If the null hypothesis that the means of four groups are all the same is rejected using ANOVA at a 5% signi cance level, then ... (a) we can then conclude that all the means are di erent from one another. (b) the standardized variability between groups is higher than the standardized variability within groups. (c) the pairwise analysis will identify at least one pair of means that are signi cantly di erent. (d) the appropriate to be used in pairwise comparisons is 0.05 / 4 = 0.0125 since there are four groups.