If Avery is willing to pay $10 for a pizza, Pia is willing to pay $13, and Sylvio is willing to pay $15, how much consumer surplus is achieved when the price of pizza is $12?

$4

Step-by-step explanation:

Total consumer surplus is given by the difference between the willingness to pay of each customer to the actual price of a good.

Since Avery is only willing to pay $10 and the pizza costs $12, Avery will not buy a pizza and should not be considered for consumer surplus.

Since Pia is willing to pay $13, and Sylvio is willing to pay $15, consumer surplus is:

When the price of pizza is $12, a consumer surplus of $4 is achieved.

answer: city needs 2.4 inches of rainfall more to match the record of 40 inches.

step-by-step explanation:

since we have given that

total annual rainfall a city record = 40 inches

this year, total rainfall recorded = 37.6 inches

number of inches of rainfall   is needed to match the record of 40 inches is given by

hence, city needs 2.4 inches of rainfall more to match the record of 40 inches.