A forester studying the effects of fertilization on certain pine forests in the Southeast is interested in estimating the average basal area of pine trees. In studying basal areas of similar trees for many years, he has discovered that these measurements (in square inches) are normally distributed, with standard deviation approximately 4 square inches. If the forester samples n = 9 trees, find the probability that the sample mean will be within 2 square inches of the population mean.

If we divide both sides by we got:

And we can use the normal distribution table or excel to find the probabilites and we got:

Step-by-step explanation:

Previous concepts

Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".

The Z-score is "a numerical measurement used in statistics of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean".  

Solution to the problem

Let X the random variable that represent the area of a population, and for this case we know the distribution for X is given by:

Where and

We select a a sample of n =4 and since the distribution for X is normal then we know that the distribution for the sample mean is given by:

And we want to find this probability:

If we divide both sides by we got:

And we can use the normal distribution table or excel to find the probabilites and we got:

part a

answer: a reasonable domain is where n is a real number. so n can be between 0 and 10. both endpoints are included.

work shown:

n is the number of days after the experiment starts. the smallest n can be is n = 0 which means that 0 days have gone by, and we're at the start. to find out how large n should be, then replace f(n) with 16.13 and solve for n. use logarithms to isolate the exponent.

f(n) = 12*(1.03)^n

16.13 = 12*(1.03)^n

16.13/12 = (1.03)^n

1.34416666666667 = (1.03)^n

(1.03)^n = 1.34416666666667

log[ (1.03)^n ] = log[ 1.34416666666667 ]

n*log[ 1.03 ] = log[ 1.34416666666667 ]

n = log[ 1.34416666666667 ]/log[ 1.03 ]

n = 10.0062999823929

this rounds to n = 10 which is fairly close but not 100% perfect. so this is the largest n can be.

note: if you plug n = 10 into f(n), you'll get roughly 16.127 which rounds to 16.13 (this comes up again in part c)

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part b

answer: the y intercept is 12. it represents the starting height of the plant in cm.

work shown:

plug n = 0 into the f(n) function. simplify

f(n) = 12*(1.03)^n

f(0) = 12*(1.03)^0

f(0) = 12*(1)

f(0) = 12

on day n = 0, aka the starting point, the height f(n) is 12 cm

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part c

answer: the average rate of change is approximately 0.43061036458991 (round however you need to). this represents the average growth rate from day n = 3 to day n = 10. so the plant grew roughly 0.43 cm per day during this timespan, assuming you round to 2 decimal places.

work shown:

compute f(3)

f(n) = 12*(1.03)^n

f(3) = 12*(1.03)^3

f(3) = 13.112724 < we'll use this later

compute f(10)

f(n) = 12*(1.03)^n

f(10) = 12*(1.03)^10

f(10) = 16.1269965521294 < we'll use this later

now use the formula below with a = 3 and b = 10

aroc = average rate of change

aroc = [ f(b) - f(a) ]/[ b - a ]

aroc = [ f(10) - f(3) ]/[ 10 - 3 ]

aroc = (16.1269965521294 - 13.112724)/(10 - 3)

aroc = 3.0142725521294/7

aroc = 0.43061036458991

round this however you need to

note: the plant grew approximately 3.01 cm over 7 days, so roughly 0.43 cm per day is the average growth rate (if you were to round to 2 decimal places).

answer: b. f(x) = (x + 2)^3 (x^2 - 7x + 3)^4

step-by-step explanation:

polynomials always have as many roots as their order. this is a 4th order polynomial- hence 4 roots!

complex roots of polynomials always come in pairs. the quadratic equation has the "+/-" in that will alwaysgenerate m+ni amd m-ni, so 7-2i must be a root of this polynomial equation.

the order of the numerator and denominator are both 2. so the horizontal asymptote is y=a2/b2 =7

verticle asymptotes are the forbidden x-values. f(x) becomes undefined at x=-3 because this value will cause a zero denominator.

a graph of r(x) will have vertical asymptotes at ±1 because these values will make the denominator zero. so the domain of the function cannot include ±1.

you 're wlecome! : )

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