In a certain community, 30% of the families own a dog, and 20% of the families that own a dog also own a cat. it is also known that 27% of all the families own a cat.
what is the probability that a randomly selected family owns both a dog and a cat?
what is the conditional probability that a randomly selected family doesn't own a dog given that it owns a cat?

a) 0.06

b) 0.778

Step-by-step explanation:

Let's suppose a community of 100 families just to facilitate the calculation.

30% of the families own a dog

Dog = 30% of 100 = 30

20% of the families that own a dog also own a cat = 20% of 30 = 6

27% of all the families own a cat = 27% of 100 = 27

So, 6 families own a dog and a cat.

As 30 families own a dog, [30 - 6 =] 24 families own only dogs

As 27 families own a cat, [27 - 6 = ] 21 families own only cats

See picture attached.

a) What is the probability that a randomly selected family owns both a dog and a cat?

P(dog and cat) = dog ∩ cat/total = 6/100 = 0.06

b) What is the conditional probability that a randomly selected family doesn't own a dog given that it owns a cat?

So, only cat/total cat

P (not dog|cat) = 21/27 = 0.778

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