Astudy revealed a strong, linear, negative association between a decrease in salary and amount spent on clothes. another study revealed a strong, linear, negative association between decrease in salary and amount spent on food. when the data were combined, the association became positive. what is this an example of?
a. simpson's paradoxb. observational studyc. experimental studyd. cause-and effect realtionshipe. error by the statistician

A. simpson's paradox

Step-by-step explanation:

The Simpson's paradox was named after Edward Simpson, the person who described this paradox for the first time in 1951. In this paradox, you find two contrary patterns. For example, a positive and a negative correlation, depending on how data is analyzed. The differences in the analyses are how data are grouped. This paradox is observed often in social researches. Most of the times, results are affected by the sample on each group or additional information related to the data.

correct choice is b

step-by-step explanation:

when you calculate the average rate of change of a function, you are finding the slope of the secant line between the two points. for the function the average rate of change from point to point can be calculated as

to find the average rate of change from day 2 to day 10, note that at day 2, 8 houses were sold, so a(2,8) and at day 10, 2 houses were sold, so b(10,2). thus,

your exact question is kind of difficult to understand, so maybe an example will explain what you're supposed to do? i'll work through the first problem on the worksheet.

suppose you have a tray of 652 brownies, and you have 5 friends that you want to feed without picking favorites. how many brownies can you dole out to each of your friends in equal amounts? how many will be left over for you to eat?

what you're doing here is finding a way to arrange the number 652 as the sum of integer multiple of 5 and some remainder:

here ("q" for quotient) is the number of brownies each of your friends get, and is the remainder. that's the basic idea behind division.

we break up the number 652 into parts so that the leading digit stands on its own:

652 = 600 + 52

first we check if it's possible to hand out exactly 100 brownies to each friend. with 5 friends, this means we want to know if we can take out 500 brownies from the tray. we can do this 1 time because we have 600 brownies to take from, and when we do that we're left with 100 + 52 brownies to divvy up. so we know that

652 = 1*500 + 152

next we want to know if it's possible to hand out exactly 10 brownies per friend. if we can, we have to remove 50 brownies from the tray each time until we can't. we have 152 brownies left, and we know that 3(50) = 150, so

152 = 3*50 + 2

now we have 2 brownies left in the tray. is it possible to hand 1 out to each of your 5 friends? no, you'd need a minimum of 5 brownies to do that. so the last 2 are yours.

putting everything together, we found that

652 = 1*500 + 3*50 + 2

and we can rearrange this to write

652 = 5*100 + 5*30 + 2

652 = 5(100 + 30) + 2

652 = 5*130 + 2

so and .

you might be more accustomed to the table depicting the algorithm. that's just a compact way of organizing what we've done above. you can consult the image i've attached below.