Let the following sample of 8 observations be drawn from a normal population with unknown mean and standard deviation: 22, 18, 14, 25, 17, 28, 15, 21. use table 2.a. calculate the sample mean and the sample standard deviation. (round intermediate calculations to 4 decimal places, "sample mean" to 3 decimal places and "sample standard deviation" to 2 decimal places.) sample mean sample standard deviation b. construct the 80% confidence interval for the population mean. (round "t" value to 3 decimal places, and final answers to 2 decimal places.) confidence interval to c. construct the 90% confidence interval for the population mean. (round "t" value to 3 decimal places, and final answers to 2 decimal places.) confidence interval to d. what happens to the margin of error as the confidence level increases from 80% to 90%? as the confidence level increases, the interval becomes narrower. as the confidence level increases, the interval becomes wider.

a:  Sample mean: 20, Sample standard deviation: 1.732

b:  19.13 <µ < 20.87

c:  18.84< µ < 21.16

d:  as the confidence level increases, the interval becomes wider

Step-by-step explanation:

a:  Sample mean is found by adding up all the individual values of the sample, then dividing by the total number of values in the sample.  

Sample standard deviation is the square root of the variance

See the first attached photo for the calculations of these values.

We need to create a 80% confidence interval for the population.  Since n < 30, we will use a t-value with degree of freedom of 7 (the degree of freedom is always one less than the sample size.  

Look for the column on the t-distribution chart that has "area in two tails" of 0.20 (80%), and row 7 (degree of freedom)

The t-value is 1.415

See the second attached photo for the construction of the confidence interval

We need to create a 90% confidence interval for the population.  Since n < 30, we will use a t-value with degree of freedom of 7 (the degree of freedom is always one less than the sample size.  

Look for the column on the t-distribution chart that has "area in two tails" of 0.10 (90%), and row 7 (degree of freedom)

The t-value is 1.895

See the third attached photo for the construction of the confidence interval

we have three similar triangles, because each has a right angle and shares an angle.   let's write the angles in order: opposite to short leg, long leg, hypotenuse.

cab similar to bad similar to cbd

or as ratios,

ca: ab: cb = ba: ad: bd = cb: bd: cd

we also know

ac = ad + cd

(ad+cd): ab: cb = ba: ad: bd = cb: bd: cd

(ad+cd)/cb=cb/cd

we have cb=6, ad=5 and seek x=cd.

we reject the negative root and conclude x=4

answer: 4

or

step-by-step explanation:

we need to solve for 'x' the following equation:  

we have that:

⇒

⇒ ⇒

factorizing, we get that:

  ⇒

then, the solutions are: or

nothing extraneous has been found!