Suppose y=f(x) + k. what effect does k have on the parent function

Adding 'k' to translates it 'k' units upwards.

Step-by-step explanation:

We are given that,

The parent function, is changed to

That is, transformation is applied to in order to obtain .

As, we can see that the constant 'k' is added to the parent function.

This means that, the function is shifted 'k' units upwqards.

Hence, adding 'k' to translates it 'k' units upwards.

parallel and congruent

step-by-step explanation:

the movement of translation is linear.   these have the same translation because you are using the same rule for each point of the triangle so you will see the same slope being used to get from a point on the triangle to its image.

same slope!   you should think parallel when you see those 2 word together (well unless it's the same line but it can't be because we are coming from different points here)

congruent! because each point is being moved the same distance.