In lincoln high school, 8% of the students are in the math club, 16% are in the science club, and 3% are in both clubs. what is the probability that a randomly selected student is in the math club, given that the same student is in the science club?

Let the probability that the student is in math club be P(M) and the probability that the student is in science club be P(S)
P(MIS)=[P(M and S)]/P(S)
P(M and S)=0.03, P(M)=0.08 and P(S)=0.16
plugging the values in the formula we obtain:
P(MIS)=[0.03]/0.16=0.1875