How did the growth of trade, commerce, and city-states create a boom in art and learning during the renaissance?

Basically as the banking system was in its nascent stages in Italian cities, such as Florence, there was the rise of a centralized wealthy urban class. Certain families such as the Medici rose to the fore. Their wealth dictated the frescoes and artworks in many parts of the cities in which they resided. They often competed to commission works of artists and underwrite the lives of such folk.

Explanation:

d. migration

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts