What conficts did the united states face in the late 1700's?

Well the Declaration of Independence was signed 1776, so the US had just formed a new nation. Therefore there were challenge that came with forming a new nation - creating a government. They first had the Articles of Confederation but that didn't give the central government enough power, so they drafted the Constitution, which gave more power to the federal government. Some people opposed the Constitution (Anti-federalists). So in the late 1700's political factions also formed with the birth of a new nation.

He opposed the ideas of the enlightenment and liberal changes his entire life.

If i’m not mistaken your answer should be the freemen’s bureau started them. i really hope i could ! good luck