The czar responded to the revolution of 1905 by

The Czar reacted to the Revolution 0f 1905 by promising to form  Dumas which were representative assemblies, to work towards reform.

On January 22, 1905, a group of workers led by the radical priest Georgy Apollonovich Gapon  had marched to czar Nicholas II winter palace in St. Petersburg to make their demands.

 Imperial forces opened fire killing and wounding hundreds. Strikes and riots broke out throughout the country in outraged response to the massacre to which Nicholas responded by promising to form the Dumas.

it provided for selection of government employees through competitive examinations. it also made it unlawful to fire or demote covered employees for political reasons or to require them to give political service or payment, and it set up a civil service commission to enforce the law.

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