Moving from an economy based on agriculture and handcrafted products to one based on the large-scale production of goods using machines is called
a. industrialization
b. technology
c. innovation
d. revolution

Moving from an economy based on agriculture and hand crafted products to one based on the large scale production of goods using machines is called industrialization. The correct option in regards to all the options given in the question is option "a". Basically industrialization has led from the front for creating a stable economy around the world. It created more jobs for people and also organized labor became a part of industrialization. Also without industrialization it would have been impossible to cater to the needs of the increasing world population.

The answer is athens and sparta.