As of 1914, which continent's political geography consisted mostly of independent states that did not have overseas colonies

The continent of Asia consisted of independent states that did not come under foreign domination. South and Southeast Asia were colonized heavily by the Western Powers. However, Western Asia and the Arabian Peninsula remained mostly independent throughout the first half of the nineteenth century. Japan, China, Saudi Arabia, Bhutan, Nepal, Afghanistan, Thailand were the only Asian provinces that were not colonized by the Western Powers directly, but they certainly had indirect influence over some of these nations. The concept of having overseas colonies was a part of Imperialism, and a scramble for conquering overseas territories, bringing them under political and economic domination. This expansion was ideally driven by the search for cheap sources of raw material and labor, and expand markets overseas for the finished commodities.

Further Explanation-

The continents of Asia and Africa were heavily colonized by the end of the nineteenth century by the European powers. Western Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, parts of East and South Asia were not colonized as these were either too inhospitable for administration, or they did not contain potential natural resources or viable trade connections. The concept of imperialism was driven by the expansion of profit for the colonizing nation, without any concern about preserving the natural resources of the colonized territory. Exploitation was the tool employed for profit maximization. The Industrial Revolution came with technological improvements in industrial production, and new markets would be required for selling the finished products. Colonies served as the perfect solutions; however, they would have to situated within viable international commercial trade routes. There were other factors that favored imperialism such as political and diplomatic factors.  

Learn more:

1. How did Europe's desire for an ocean route to Asia shape its contacts with Africa?

2.Discuss the Chesapeake bay colonists evolving the relationship with Powhatan

Answer Details-

Grade- High School

Chapter- Imperialism and build up to the First World War

Subject- History.

Keywords-

Imperialism, conquer of territories, exploitation, natural resources, labor, commercial routes

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from thales, who is often considered the first western philosopher, to the stoics and skeptics, ancient greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the western intellectual tradition. here, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. we find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the milesian thinkers, and we hear democritus posit atoms—indivisible and invisible units—as the basic stuff of all matter. with socrates comes a sustained inquiry into ethical matters—an orientation towards human living and the best life for human beings. with plato comes one of the most creative and flexible ways of doing philosophy, which some have since attempted to imitate by writing philosophical dialogues covering topics still of interest today in ethics, political thought, metaphysics, and epistemology. plato’s student, aristotle, was one of the most prolific of ancient authors. he wrote treatises on each of these topics, as well as on the investigation of the natural world, including the composition of animals. the hellenists—epicurus, the cynics, the stoics, and the skeptics—developed schools or movements devoted to distinct philosophical lifestyles, each with reason at its foundation.

with this preference for reason came a critique of traditional ways of living, believing, and thinking, which sometimes caused political trouble for the philosophers themselves. xenophanes directly challenged the traditional anthropomorphic depiction of the gods, and socrates was put to death for allegedly inventing new gods and not believing in the gods mandated by the city of athens. after the fall of alexander the great, and because of aristotle’s ties with alexander and his court, aristotle escaped the same fate as socrates by fleeing athens. epicurus, like xenophanes, claimed that the mass of people is impious, since the people conceive of the gods as little more than superhumans, even though human characteristics cannot appropriately be ascribed to the gods. in short, not only did ancient greek philosophy pave the way for the western intellectual tradition, including modern science, but it also shook cultural foundations in its own time.