How did trade affect the development of african kingdoms? (5 points) it contributed to the creation of an agricultural class. it led to the decline of city-states. it led to the rise of tribal communities. it contributed to the rise of powerful city-states and later kingdoms.

The correct answer is D) it contributed to the rise of powerful city-states and later kingdoms.

Trade affected the development of African kingdoms in that it contributed to the rise of powerful city-states and later kingdoms.

Trade was an important factor that changed the situation of many communities in Africa. With trade, tribes could exchange or export raw materials such as minerals, gold, and diamonds. Other natural resources were also part of trade with other nations. They traded with Asian nations up to the Middle East. Due to these activities, the African economy grew and some city-states flourished. So it is correct to say that trade affected the development of African kingdoms in that it contributed to the rise of powerful city-states and later kingdoms.