Ineed a short answer, answering both of these questions < 3 how might athenian democracy be considered the root of modern democratic governments? compare the ways that herodotus and thucydides approached the writing of history.

1.The original Athenian democracy did not survive, but it became a basis for many modern political systems. Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, described democracy as “Government of the people, by the people, for the people.” which based on the Athenian democracy.

2. Herodotus views history as a source of moral lessons, with conflicts and wars as misfortune. Herodotus, preferred moral lessons and drawing conclusions over fact, making him similar to other popular historians of the time. Thucydides uses factual reports of political and military events, based on eye-witness accounts. Thucydides' view of only factual based reports, was uncommon for the time, neither Thucydides or Herodotus, cited sources.
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The way this small state - large state compromise guards against tyranny is that small states and large states have one note: i am sorry but i was not able to give you the full answer. but i got this answer from