An important effect of islamic expansion in the 700s ce on the civilization of europe in the middle ages was that it

the correct answer is c (british taxes)

essentially every cartoon made in 1760 was made as an after-effect for english strategies that require colonists to make good on greater government expenses for each item that they sold.

this lead to the colonial opposition in 1773, when massachusetts settlers dumped british tea into boston harbor since they felt choked by british' charge direction.